Prophetic Salah(Namaaz) in the Light of Sahih Ahadith
This Article contains brief description of Prophetic Salah(Namaz).Since we know that Salah(Prayer) is one of the Major Pillar of Islam. So, it must be prayed according to the guidelines of Quran and Sunnah.
Contents:
a)Pray as Prophet(peace be upon him) had prayed.
b)Importance of Salah(Prayer) in Islam.
b)Ablution(Wudu).
c)First Intention.
d)Facing Qibla(i.e The direction of Kaaba).
e)Takbir Tahrima.
f)Where to place Hand during Salah(Namaaz).
g)Eye Should point to the Spot of Prostration.
h)Taawudh.
i)Is it Permissible to recite Surah-Fatiha behind Imam?
j)Is it permissible to say ‘Ameen’ Loudly?
k)Rafayadain(Raising Hands in Salah).
l)Joining shoulders to Shoulders and foot to foot.
m)Dua(Supplication in Ruku(bow).
n)Qawmah (Standing after Ruku).
o) First Sajda(Prostration.
p)Jalsah (Sitting between two Sajdah).
q)Second Sajdah
r) Jalsah-e-Istarahat(Sitting for Rest).
s)Second Rakat.
t)Moving the Forefinger during Tashahdud.
u)Timing for Prayer.
a)Pray as Prophet(peace be upon him) had prayed.
Hadith-1
The Prophet (Sallalahu alaihi wa salaam) said to:
...Pray as you have seen me praying.. (Sahih Bukhari Book 11 Vol 1 hadith 604)
Hadith-2
Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "The IMAM is to be followed. Say the Takbir when he says it; BOW if he BOWs; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida', say, ' Rabbana wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray sitting altogether if he prays sitting."
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #701)
b)Importance of Salah(prayer)
Quran Says,‘What has caused you to enter Hell?’43. They will say: ‘We were not of those who used to offer their Salat (prayers)’” [al-Muddathhir 74:42-43].
Hadith-3
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
Allah's Apostle said: Islam is based on (the following) five (principles):
1. To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and Muhammad is Allah's Apostle.
2. To offer the (compulsory congregational) prayers dutifully and perfectly.
3. To pay Zakat (i.e. obligatory charity) .
4. To perform Hajj. (i.e. Pilgrimage to Mecca)
5. To observe fast during the month of Ramadan.
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " بُنِيَ الإِسْلاَمُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَإِقَامِ الصَّلاَةِ، وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، وَالْحَجِّ، وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ ".
(Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 8 ; English translation: Vol. 1, Book 2, Hadith 8)
Hadith-4
It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that:
The Prophet said: "Whoever hears the call and does not come, his prayer is not valid, except for those who have an excuse." (Sahih)
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ بَيَانٍ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ قَالَ " مَنْ سَمِعَ النِّدَاءَ فَلَمْ يَأْتِهِ فَلاَ صَلاَةَ لَهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ عُذْرٍ " .
(Ibn-Majah English reference: Vol. 1, Book 6, Hadith 793; Ibn-Majah Arabic reference: Book 5, Hadith 842)
Hadith-5
It was narrated that Buraidah Al-Aslami said:
"We were with the Messenger of Allah on a campaign, and he said: 'Hasten to perform prayer on a cloudy day, for whoever misses the 'Asr prayer, all his good deeds will be in vain.'" (Sahih)
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَوْزَاعِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَاجِرِ، عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ الأَسْلَمِيِّ، قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فِي غَزْوَةٍ فَقَالَ " بَكِّرُوا بِالصَّلاَةِ فِي الْيَوْمِ الْغَيْمِ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ فَاتَتْهُ صَلاَةُ الْعَصْرِ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُ " .
(Ibn-Majah English reference: Vol. 1, Book 4, Hadith 694; Ibn-Majah Arabic reference: Book 3, Hadith 741)
Hadith-6
Ibn 'Abbas and Ibn 'Umar narrated that:
They heard the Prophet say on his pulpit: "People should desist from failing to attend the congregations, otherwise Allah will seal their hearts, and they will be among the negligent." (Sahih)
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ الدَّسْتَوَائِيِّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ مِينَاءَ، أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وَابْنُ، عُمَرَ أَنَّهُمَا سَمِعَا النَّبِيَّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَقُولُ عَلَى أَعْوَادِهِ " لَيَنْتَهِيَنَّ أَقْوَامٌ عَنْ وَدْعِهِمُ الْجَمَاعَاتِ أَوْ لَيَخْتِمَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ ثُمَّ لَيَكُونُنَّ مِنَ الْغَافِلِينَ " .
(Ibn-Majah English reference: Vol. 1, Book 6, Hadith 794; Ibn-Majah Arabic reference: Book 5, Hadith 843; Sahih Muslim English reference: Book 4, Hadith 1882; Sahih Muslim Arabic reference: Book 8, Hadith 2039)
Hadith-7
It is narrated on the authority of Jabir that he heard the Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him) saying. Verily between man and between polytheism(Shrik) and unbelief(Kufr) is the negligence of prayer.
(Sahih Muslim Book 1 : Hadith 146; Sahih Muslim Book 1 : Hadith 147)
Hadith-8
It was narrated from Abu Al-Ja'd Ad-Damri-who was a Companion of the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم)- that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said:
"Whoever missed three jumu'ahs out of negligence, Allah (SWT) will place a seal over his heart." (Hasan)
أَخْبَرَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ الضَّمْرِيِّ، وَكَانَتْ، لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَنْ تَرَكَ ثَلاَثَ جُمَعٍ تَهَاوُنًا بِهَا طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ " .
(Sunan Nasai English reference: Vol. 2, Book 4, Hadith 1370; Sunan Nasai Arabic reference: Book 14, Hadith 1378)
Hadith-9
It was narrated from Jabir bin 'Abdullah that:
The Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said: "Whoever misses jumu'ah three times with no cogent excuse, Allah (SWT) will place a seal on his heart." (Hasan)
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ سَوَّادٍ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ أَسِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي أَسِيدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، - رضى الله عنه - أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَنْ تَرَكَ الْجُمُعَةَ ثَلاَثًا مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَرُورَةٍ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ " .
(Sunnan Nasai English reference: Vol. 2, Book 4, Hadith 1370; Sunan Nasai Arabic reference: Book 14, Hadith 1379)
Hadith-10
Sahih Bukhari Book 10 Volume 1 Hadith 548
Narrated Abu Bakr bin Abi Musa:
My father said, "Allah's Apostle said, 'Whoever prays the two cool prayers ('Asr and Fajr) will go to Paradise.' "
Hadith-11
Sahih Bukhari :: Book 11 :: Volume 1 :: Hadith 631
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "Allah will prepare for him who goes to the mosque (every) morning and in the afternoon (for the congregational prayer) an honorable place in Paradise with good hospitality for (what he has done) every morning and afternoon goings.
Hadith-12
Narrated Samura bin Jundab:
The Prophet said in his narration of a dream that he saw, "He whose head was being crushed with a stone was one who learnt the Qur'an but never acted on it, and slept ignoring the compulsory prayers."
حَدَّثَنَا مُؤَمَّلُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَوْفٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو رَجَاءٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَمُرَةُ بْنُ جُنْدَبٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الرُّؤْيَا قَالَ " أَمَّا الَّذِي يُثْلَغُ رَأْسُهُ بِالْحَجَرِ فَإِنَّهُ يَأْخُذُ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَرْفِضُهُ وَيَنَامُ عَنِ الصَّلاَةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ ".
(Sahih Bukhari English reference: Vol. 2, Book 21, Hadith 244; Sahih Bukhari Arabic reference: Book 19, Hadith 1151)
Ablution(Wudu)
Hadith-13
The Prophet said,
“Neither is the prayer accepted without purification nor is charity accepted out of the ill-gotten (wealth).”
[NARRATED BY IBN UMAR RECORDED IN SAHEEH MUSLIM 2(THE BOOK OF PURIFICATION : 433, TIRMIDHI, IBN MAJAH. AUTHENTICATED (SAHEEH) BY ALBANI IN SAHEEH AL JAAMI 7384]
Proof:-14
The Prophet said,"The prayer of a person who does, Hadath (passes, urine, stool or wind) is not accepted till he performs (repeats) the ablution."
[NARRATED BY ABU HURAIRAH RECORDED IN SAHEEH BUKHARI 1:137 3 (BOOK OF ABLUTIONS), SAHEEH MUSLIM 435 4(THE BOOK OF PURIFICATION), ABU DAWOOD, TIRMIDHI, SAHEEH AL JAAMI 7745]c)First Intention
The person should make Niyah (intention), The intention is made within his mind, so the person should think about the particular obligatory, optional or Nafl prayer he intends to perform. He should not utter the words of Niyah aloud, as this is not authentic or approved by the Prophet (pbuh).
Hadith-13
Narrated 'Umar bin Al-Khattab: I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended.(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #1, Hadith #1).
Hadith-14
Narrated 'Umar bin Al-Khattab: Allah's Apostle said, "The reward of deeds depends upon the intention and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended.
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #2, Hadith #51; Sahih Bukhari Volume 3 Book #46, Hadith #706; Sahih Bukhari Volume 5 Book #58, Hadith #238)
d)Facing Qibla(i.e The direction of Kaaba)
Allah Says,''......Turn your face in the direction of Al-Masjid- al-Haram......''
(Surah Baqarah 2:144)
e)Takbir Tahrima
1-PROPHET MUHAMMED (P.B.U.H) USED TO RAISE HIS HANDS TILL SHOULDER SOMETIMES TILL EAR!!!
The person should start his Salat saying ''Allahu Akbar'' (Allah is the greatest), Rasing both of his hands to the level of his shoulders, till earlobes……..
2-TILL SHOULDER:-
Hadith-15
Sahih Bukhari Volumn 001, Book 012, Hadith Number 711.
-----------------------------------------
Narated By Abu Huraira : Allah's Apostle used to keep silent between the Takbir and the recitation of Qur'an and that interval of silence used to be a short one. I said to the Prophet "May my parents be sacrificed for you! What do you say in the pause between Takbir and recitation?" The Prophet said, "I say, 'Allahumma, ba'id baini wa baina khatayaya kama ba'adta baina-l-mashriqi wa-l-maghrib. Allahumma, naqqim min khatayaya kama yunaqqa-ththawbu-l-abyadu mina-ddanas. Allahumma, ighsil khatayaya bil-ma'i wa-th-thalji wal-barad (O Allah! Set me apart from my sins (faults) as the East and West are set apart from each other and clean me from sins as a white garment is cleaned of dirt (after thorough washing). O Allah! Wash off my sins with water, snow and hail."
Hadith-16
Narrated Muhammad bin 'Amr bin 'Ata': I was sitting with some of the companions of Allah's Apostle and we were discussing about the way of praying of the Prophet(P.B.U.H). Abu Humaid As-Saidi said, "I remember the prayer of Allah's Apostle better than any one of you. I saw him raising both his hands up to the level of the shoulders on saying the Takbir;
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #791)
Hadith-17
Narrated Salim bin 'Abdullah: My father said, "Allah's Apostle used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders when opening the prayer;
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #702)
Hadith-18
Salim narrated it on the authority of his father who reported: I saw the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) raising his hands apposite the shoulders at the time of beginning the prayer.
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0758)
3-TILL EAR:
Hadith-19
Malik b. Huwairith reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) raised his hands apposite his ears at the time of reciting the takbir (i. e. at the time of beginning the prayer).
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0762)
Hadith-20
Wa'il b. Hujr reported: He saw the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) raising his hands at the time of beginning the prayer and reciting takbir, and according to Hammam (the narrator), the hands were lifted opposite to ears.
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0792)
NOTE:-- TOUCHING THE EARLOBE IS BIDDAH (INNOVATION)
f)Where to place Hand during Salah(Namaaz)
Hadith-21
Wail bin Hujr (ra) says, 'I prayed with the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) and he placed his right hand over his left on his chest.(Ibn Khuzaimah,Hadith:479)
Hadith-22
Wail ibn Hujr (ra) narrates, “I was present with the Prophet [salallahu alahyi wasalam]. He rose, went towards the masjid and entered the mihraab. He raised his hands with takbeer and then placed his right hand over his left upon his chest.” [Bayhaqi Hadith:2335]
Hadith-23
Aqabah bin Sahban reports that Sayyiduna Ali (ra) commenting on the verse [So pray unto thy Lord, and sacrifice] explained, that this means to place the right hand upon the middle of the left upon the chest. [Bayhaqi Hadith:2337]
Hadith-24
same hadith is in Sh'ubah, Abdul Wahid, and Zubair bin Muawiyah as in Imam. (Musnad-e-Ahmad Hadith:18398, Hadith:18371 & Hadith:18397)
NOTE:- Scan copies can be had from
http://placinghandsonchest.blogspot.in/
For Takreej Visit http://www.systemoflife.com/fiqh/salah/2000018-placing-the-hands-on-chest-is-the-sunnah
Hadith-25
Sahih Muslim Book 004, Hadith Number 0792.
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Chapter : Argument of those who assert that Bismillah is a part of every Sura except Sura Tauba.
Wa'il b. Hujr reported: He saw the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) raising his hands at the time of beginning the prayer and reciting takbir, and according to Hammam (the narrator), the hands were lifted opposite to ears. He (the Holy Prophet) then wrapped his hands in his cloth and placed his "right hand over his left hand". And when he was about to bow down, he brought out his hands from the cloth, and then lifted them, and then recited takbir and bowed down, and when (he came back to the erect position) he recited: "Allah listened to him who praised Him." And when prostrates, he prostrated between the two palms.
Comments:-The word used in Arabic in the above Hadith is ‘’yad’’ meaning ''complete Hands'' not “Kuf’’ Meaning ''Fist,(Mutthi)'' Now,how hard u try u can't place ur complete hands below the navel hope u got my point
Upper Sahih Muslim ki Hadith mein hai ke Allah ke Rasool(salla lahu aliwaslam) Apne Sida(right) hand Bayein(Left) hand per rakhte the Jo Arabic mein word Aya hai woh hai ''Yad'' Matlab Purra Haath na ke Mutthi Isliye Aap kitni bhi kosish karlo Aap apna Haath Naaf per nahi rakh sakte....;
g)Eye Should point to the Spot of Prostration.
Throughout the Salat the eyes of the worshipper should point to the spot where the forehead rests in Sajdah. Dont look towards the sky
Hadith-26
Narrated by Anas bin MalikThe Prophet said, "What is wrong with those people who look towards the sky during the prayer?" His talk grew stern while delivering this speech and he said, "They should stop (looking towards the sky during the prayer); otherwise their eye-sight would be taken away."
(Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith no. 717)
Hadith-27
Jabir b. Samura reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: The people who lift their eyes towards the sky in Prayer should avoid it or they would lose their eyesight.
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0862; Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0863)
h)Taawudh
Hadith-28
Qatada informed in writing that Anas b. Malik had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) and Abu Bakr and Umar and 'Uthman. They started (loud recitation) with: AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-'Alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir- Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the beginning of the recitation or at the end of it.
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0788)
''Audhu billahi mina shaitaan nir rajeem"
(I seek refuge in Allah from the rejected Satan)
This should only be said in the first Rakat.
So when you want to recite the Qur'ân, seek refuge with Allâh from Shaitân (Satan), the outcast (the cursed one). [Qur'an 16:98]
i)Is it Permissible to recite Surah Fatiha behind Imam?
Hadith-29
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 : Book 12 : Hadith 723 :
Narrated by 'Ubada bin As-Samit:
Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever does not recite Al-Fatiha in his prayer, his prayer is invalid."
Hadith-30
It was narrated that Ubadah bin As-Samit said:
"The Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) led us in one of the prayers in which the recitation is done out loud, and he said: 'None of you should recite when I recite out loud, apart from the Umm Al_quran (Al Fatihah).'" (Sahih)
أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، عَنْ صَدَقَةَ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ حَرَامِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ، عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، قَالَ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَعْضَ الصَّلَوَاتِ الَّتِي يُجْهَرُ فِيهَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَقَالَ " لاَ يَقْرَأَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ إِذَا جَهَرْتُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ إِلاَّ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ " .
(Sunan Nasai English reference: Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 921; Sunan Nasai Arabic reference: Book 11, Hadith 928)
Hadith-31
Abu As-Sa'ib- the freed slave of Hisham bin Zuhrah-said:
"I heard Abu Hurairah say: 'The Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said: "Whoever offers a prayer in which he does not recite Umm Al-Quran (Al Fatihah), it is deficient, it is deficient, it is deficient, incomplete." I (Abu As-Sa'ib) said: 'O Abu Hurairah, sometimes I am behind the Imam.' He poked me in the arm and said: 'Recite it to yourself, O Persian! For I heard the Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) say: "Allah says: "I have divided prayer between Myself and My slave into two halves, and My slave shall have what he has asked for.'" The Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said: "Recite, for when the slave says: All the praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of all that exists, Allah says: 'My slave has praised Me.' And when he says: The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, Allah says: 'My slave has extolled Me.' And when he says: The Only Owner (and the Only Ruling Judge) of the Day of Recompense (i.e. the Day of Resurrection), Allah says: 'My slave has glorified Me'-and on one occasion He said: 'My slave has submitted to My power'. And when he says: You (alone) we worship, and You (alone) we ask for help (for each and everything), He says: 'This is between Me and My slave, and My slave shall have what he has asked for.' And when he says: 'Guide us to the straight way, the way of those on whom You have bestowed Your grace, not (the way) of those who earned Your anger, nor of those who went astray, He says: 'This is for My slave, and My slave shall have what he asked for.'" (Sahih)
أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا السَّائِبِ، مَوْلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ زُهْرَةَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ صَلَّى صَلاَةً لَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِيهَا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ هِيَ خِدَاجٌ هِيَ خِدَاجٌ " . غَيْرُ تَمَامٍ . فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ إِنِّي أَحْيَانًا أَكُونُ وَرَاءَ الإِمَامِ . فَغَمَزَ ذِرَاعِي وَقَالَ اقْرَأْ بِهَا يَا فَارِسِيُّ فِي نَفْسِكَ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَسَمْتُ الصَّلاَةَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي نِصْفَيْنِ فَنِصْفُهَا لِي وَنِصْفُهَا لِعَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ " . قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " اقْرَءُوا يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ { الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ } يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ حَمِدَنِي عَبْدِي . يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ { الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ } يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَثْنَى عَلَىَّ عَبْدِي . يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ { مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ } يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَجَّدَنِي عَبْدِي . يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ { إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ } فَهَذِهِ الآيَةُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ . يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ { اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ * صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلاَ الضَّالِّينَ } فَهَؤُلاَءِ لِعَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ " .
(Sunan Nisai English reference: Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 910; Sunan Nisai Arabic reference: Book 11, Hadith 917)
Hadith-32
'Ubada b. as-Samit reported from the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him ): He who does not recite Fatihat al-Kitab is not credited with having observed the prayer.
(References:-Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0771: Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0772:
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0773; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0774
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0775; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0776
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0777; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0778
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0779; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0780
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0781; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0782)
Hadith-33
Sahih Bukhari Volume 2 : Book 23 : Hadith 419 :
Narrated by Talha bin 'Abdullah bin 'Auf:
I offered the funeral prayer behind Ibn Abbas and he recited Al-Fatiha and said, "You should know that it (i.e. recitation of Al-Fatiha) is the tradition of the Prophet Muhammad.
Hadith-34
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 : Book 12 : Hadith 739 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira:
The Qur'an is recited in every prayer and in those prayers in which Allah's Apostle recited aloud for us, we recite aloud in the same prayers for you; and the prayers in which the Prophet recited quietly, we recite quietly. If you recite "Al-Fatiha" only it is sufficient but if you recite something else in addition, it is better
Hadith-35
Abu-Dawud Book 002, Hadith Number 0822.
------------------------------
Chapter :Kitaab us salat
Narated By Ubadah ibn as-Samit : We were behind the Apostle of Allah (pbuh) at the dawn prayer, and he recited (the passage), but the recitation became difficult for him. Then when he finished, he said: Perhaps you recite behind your imam? We replied: Yes, it is so, Apostle of Allah. He said: Do not do so except when it is Fatihat al-Kitab, for he who does not recite it is not credited with having prayed.
Hadith-36
Abu-Dawud Book 022, Hadith Number 3851.
------------------------------
Chapter : Medicine
Narated By Anas ibn Malik : The Prophet (pbuh) had himself cupped three times in the veins at the sides of the neck and on the shoulder. Ma'mar said: I got myself cupped, and I lost my memory so much so that I was instructed Surat al-Fatihah by others in my prayer. He had himself cupped at the top of his head.
Hadith-37
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0779:
'Ata' narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira who said that one should recite (al-Fatiha) in every (rak'ah of) prayer. What we heard (i. e. recitation) from the Messenger of Allah(may peace be upon him), we made you listen to that. And that which he (recited) inwardly, we (recited) inwardly for you. A person said to him: If I add nothing to the (recitation) of the Umm al Qur'an (Surat al-Fatiha), would it make the prayer incomplete? He (AbuHuraira) said: If you add to that (if you recite some of verses of the Qur'an along with Surat at-Fatiha) that is better for you. But if you are contented with it (Surat al-Fatiha) only, it is sufficient for you.
j)Is it permissible to say Ameen Loudly in Salah(prayer)?
Hadith-38
Narrated by Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "When the Imam says: 'Ghair-il-Maghdubi 'Alaihim Walad-Dallin (i.e. not the path of those who earn Your Anger, nor the path of those who went astray Surah Faitha ch.1.v.7)), then you must say, 'Ameen', for if one's utterance of 'Ameen' coincides with that of the angels, then his past sins will be forgiven."
(Ref:-Sahih MuslimBook 4, Hadith Number 0811; sahih Muslim Book 4, Hadith Number 0809; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Hadith Number 0814; Sahih Bukhari Volume 6 : Book 60 : Hadith 2; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Hadith Number 0813 Malik Hadith 196,Musnad-e- Ahmad Hadith 7174, Darimi Hadith 1246, Nasai Hadith 927and Ibn Hibban 1801. Imam Nimawi says that its isnad is saheeh (376).
Hadith-39
Abu-Dawood book 2 hadith 932
------------------------------
Narated By Wa'il ibn Hujr : When the Apostle of Allah (pbuh) recited the verse "Nor of those who go astray" (Surah al-Fatihah, verse 7), he would say Amin; and raised his voice (while uttering this word).
Hadith-40
Abu-Dawood Book 002, Hadith Number 0934.
------------------------------
Narated By AbuHurayrah : When the Apostle of Allah (pbuh) recited the verse "Not of those with whom Thou art angry, nor of those who go astray," he would say Amin so loudly that those near him in the first row would hear it.
Hadith-41
Muwatta Imam-Malik Book 003, Hadith Number 047.
-----------------------------
Section : Saying 'Amin' behind the Imam.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab and Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman told him from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the imam says 'Amin', say 'Amin', for the one whose 'Amin' coincides with the 'Amin' of the angels - his previous wrong actions are forgiven him."
Ibn Shihab said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say'Aameen' (extending it)."
k)Rafayadain(Raising Hands in salah)
Hadith-42
Muwata Imam Malik Book 003, Hadith Number 017.
-----------------------------
Section : The Opening of the Prayer.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn Abdullah from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah,may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to raise his hands to the level of his shoulders when he began the prayer and when he raised his head from the ruku he raised them in the same way,saying, "("Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida)''Allah hears whoever praises him, our Lord and praise belongs to You." He did not raise them in the sujud.
Hadith-43
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 : Book 12 : Hadith 706 :
Narrated by Nafi': Whenever Ibn 'Umar started the prayer with Takbir, he used to raise his hands: whenever he bowed(ruku), he used to raise his hands (before bowing) and also used to raise his hands on saying, "Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida", and he used to do the same on rising from the second Rak'a (for the 3rd Rak'a). Ibn 'Umar said: "The Prophet used to do the same."
Hadith-44
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 : Book 12 : Hadith 705 :
Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Umar:
I saw Allah's Apostle opening the prayer with the Takbir and raising his hands to the level of his shoulders at the time of saying the Takbir, and on saying the Takbir for bowing he did the same; and when he said,
"Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida ", he did the same and then said, "Rabbana wa laka-l-hamd." But he did not do the same on prostrating and on lifting the head from it."
(See references:- Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 : Book 12 : Hadith 703
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 : Book 12 : Hadith 702; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0758
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0759; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0761
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0762; Muwatta Imam Malik Book 003, Hadith Number 019; Muwatta Imam Malik Book 003, Hadith Number 021; Abu-Dawud Book 002, Hadith Number 0725; Abu-Dawud Book 002, Hadith Number 0737; Abu-Dawud Book 002, Hadith Number 0957)
Hadith-45
It was narrated that Malik bin Al-Huwairith said:
“I saw the Messenger of Allah (P.B.U.H) raise his hands until they reached the highest part of his ears, when he said the takbir, when he bowed and when he raised his head from bowing.” (Sahih)
(Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 1025; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 1026; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 1057; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 3, Hadith 1264; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 1103; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 0877; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 0878; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 0879; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 0881; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 1086; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 3, Hadith 1266; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 1060
Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 1089; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 1056; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 1157; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 1083)
l)Joining shoulders to Shoulders and foot to foot
Hadith-46
Bukhari: Volume 1, Book 11, Number 692:
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
The Prophet said, "Straighten your rows for I see you from behind my back." Anas added, "Everyone of us used to put his shoulder with the shoulder of his companion and his foot with the foot of his companion."
Hadith-47
Abu Mas'ud reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) used to touch our shoulders in prayer and say: Keep straight, don't be irregular, for there would be dissension in your hearts. Let those of you who are sedate and prudent be near me, then those who are next to them, then those who are next to them. Abu Mas'ud said: Now-a-days there is much dissension amongst you.
(Refernce:-Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0868; Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0869
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0871:Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0872
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0873:Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0874
Sahih Muslim Book 4, Number 0875)
Hadith-48
Abu-Dawud Book 002, Hadith Number 0666.
------------------------------
Chapter :Kitaab us Salah.
Narated By Abdullah ibn Umar : The Prophet (pbuh) said: Set the rows in order, stand shoulder to shoulder, close the gaps, be pliant in the hands of your brethren, and do not leave openings for the devil. If anyone joins up a row, Allah will join him up, but if anyone breaks a row, Allah will cut him off.
Hadith-49
Abu-Dawud Book 002, Hadith Number 0665.
------------------------------
Chapter : Kitaab us salah.
Narated By An-Nu'man ibn Bashir : The Apostle of Allah (pbuh) used to straighten our rows when we stood up to pray, and when we were straight, he said: Allah is most great (takbir).
Hadith-50
Abu-Dawud Book 002, Hadith Number 0664.
------------------------------
Chapter : Kitaab us Salah.
Narated By Al-Bara' ibn Azib : The Apostle of Allah (pbuh) used to pass through the row from one side to the other; he used to set out chests and shoulders in order, and say: Do not be irregular. And he would say: Allah and His angels bless those who are near the first rows.
Hadith-51
Abu-Dawud Book 002, Hadith Number 0667.
------------------------------
Chapter : Kitaab us Salah.
Narated By Anas ibn Malik : The Prophet (pbuh) said: Stand close together in your rows, bring them near one another, and stand neck to neck, for by Him in Whose hand my soul is, I see the devil coming in through openings in the row just like a small black sheep.
Hadith-52
Muwatta Imam-Malik Book 009, Hadith Number 047.
-----------------------------
Section : Straightening the Rows.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Umar ibn al-Khattab used to order the rows to be straightened, and when they had come to him and told him that the rows were straight he would say the takbir.
Hadith-53
Muwatta Imam-Malik Book 009, Hadith Number 048.
-----------------------------
Section : Straightening the Rows.
Yahya related to me from Malik from his paternal uncle, Abu Suhayl ibn Malik, that his father said, "I was with Uthman ibn Affan when the iqama was said for the prayer and I was talking to him about being assigned a definite allowance by him. I continued talking to him while he was levelling some small stones with his sandals, and then some men that he had entrusted to straighten the rows came and told him that the rows were straight. He said to me, 'Line up in the row,' and then he said the takbir."
m)Dua(Supplication in Ruku(bow)
Hadith-54
Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: When one of you bows, he should say three time,:( 'Subhana Rabiyy al-'Adheem.) "glory be to my mighty lord,"
(Sunan Abu-Dawud Book #3, Hadith #0885; Sunan Abu-Dawud Book #3, Hadith #0869)
Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #1697)
1-Other Duas in Ruku.
Hadith-55
Narrated 'AIsha: The Prophet used to say In hIs bowIng and prostratIons, "Subhanaka-Allahumma Rabbana wa-bIhamdIka Allahumma-IghfIrlI.' (I honor Allah from all what (unsuItable thIngs) Is ascrIbed to HIm. O Allah Our Lord! And all the praIses are for You. O Allah! ForgIve me)."
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #760; Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #781)
NOTE:-IT IS NOT PERMISSIBLE TO RECITE QURAN IN RUKOO!.
Hadith-56
'Ali b. Abi Talib reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) forbade me to recite (the Qur'an) in a state of bowing and prostration.
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0972; Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0973
Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0974; Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0975
Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0976; Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0978)
n)Qawmah (Standing after Ruku)
1-After the perfect Ruku, the person praying should raise his head from Ruku saying "Sami'a-l-lahu Liman hamida."
Hadith-57
Narrated Abu Huraira: When the Prophet said, "Sami' a-l-lahu Liman hamida," (Allah heard those who sent praises to him)
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #761)
2-Dua Qawmah.
Hadith-58
Narrated Rifa'a bin Rafi AzZuraqi: One day we were praying behind the Prophet. When he raised his head from bowing, he said, "Sami'a-l-lahu Liman hamida." A man behind him said, "Rabbana walaka-l hamd hamdan Kathiran taiyiban mubarakan fihi" (O our Lord! All the praises are for You, many good and blessed praises). When the Prophet completed the prayer, he asked, "Who has said these words?" The man replied, "I." The Prophet said, "I saw over thirty angels competing to write it first."
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #764)
o)First Sajda(Prostration)
Hadith-59
after the perfect Qawmah the person praying should move to perform Sajdah saying:
"Allahu akbar" putting palms downwards on the ground below the ears. The knees should be brought downwards on the ground. His fingers and toes should be pointing towards Qiblah without spreading the fingers of the hands.
During prostration seven parts of the body should touch the ground.
(i) The forehead along with the tip of the nose
(ii) both hands
(iii) both knees
(iv) the bottom surface of the toes of both feet.
(Sahih Bukhari, Volume 1, Book 12, Number 773)
In this position, he should say''Subhana rabbil Allah" ("Oh, Allah, glory be to You, the Most High.")
There are some other Du'aa which can be read in the Sajdah position.
Hadith-60
Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: The nearest a servant comes to his Lord is when he is prostrating himself, so make supplication (in this state).
(Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Number 0979)
Hadith-61
Abu Huraira reported:
The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) used to say while prostrating himself: O Lord, forgive me all my sins, small and great, first and last, open and secret
(Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Number 0980)
NOTE:-IT IS NOT PERMISSIBLE TO RECITE QURAN IN SUJOOD (PROSTRATION)!.
Hadith-62
'Ali b. Abi Talib reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) forbade me to recite (the Qur'an) in a state of bowing and prostration.
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0972;Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0973;
Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0974;Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0975
Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0976;Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #0978)
p)Jalsah (Sitting between two Sajdah)
1-After performing one Sajdah perfectly and calmly, the person praying should raise his head form Sajdah saying "Allahu Akbar" bending the left foot and sitting on it while keeping the right foot propped up with its toes pointing towards the Qiblah, the palms of his hands should rest on his thighs and knees, the back should be straight so that the joints go back in place.
Hadith-63
Abu-Dawood Book 002, Hadith Number 0849.
------------------------------
Chapter : Kitaab-us-Salah.
Narated By Abdullah ibn Abbas : The Prophet (pbuh) used to say between the two prostrations: "O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, heal me, and provide for me."
Hadith-64
The Prophet (PBUH) used to say: Allah, Mighty and Sublime, does not look at the prayer of the slave who does not make his backbone upright in between his bowings and prostrations.
[Narrated Ahmad & Tabaraani in Mu'jam al-Kabeer with a saheeh isnaad]
Hadith-65
It is sunnah to say the following Du'aa while sitting in between the two Sajdah:
“Allaahumma ighfir li warhamni wajburni wahdini warzuqni (O Allaah, forgive me, have mercy on me, enrich me, guide me and grant me provision).”
(Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 284; Ibn Maajah, 898 – from the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Abbaas; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Tirmidhi.)
q)Second Sajdah.
Then the person should perform the second Sajdah saying "Allah Akbar" and repeat what he did in the first Sajdah.
r) Jalsah-e-Istarahat(Sitting for Rest)
1-Then he should raise his head up saying "Allahu Akbar" and sit for a short while as he did in Jalsah. He does this before standing up for the second Rakat.
Hadith-66
Narrated by Malik bin Huwairith Al-Laithi
''I saw the Prophet praying and in the odd Rakat, he used to sit for a moment before getting up''
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #786; Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #11, Hadith #645)
s)Second Rakat
After standing up for the second Rakaat, he should fold his hands over his chest as he did in the first Rakaat and start his recitation by reading "Bismillah..and Surah Fatihah followed by any passage or a chapter of the holy Quran." Then he should complete his second Rakaat in the manner of the first one.
1-FIRST TASHAHUD
Hadith-67
Narrated by Muhammad bin 'Amr bin 'Ata'
Abu Humaid As-Saidi said, "I remember the prayer of Allah's Apostle better than any one of you. ... On sitting in the second Rak'a he sat on his left foot and propped up the right one; and in the last Rak'a he pushed his left foot forward and kept the other foot propped up and sat over the buttocks."
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #791)
2-RECITATION IN TASHAHUD
Hadith-68
Narrated by 'Abdullah
When we prayed with the Prophet we used to say: As-Salam be on Allah from His worshipers, As-Salam be on Gabriel, As-Salam be on Michael, As-Salam be on so-and-so. When the Prophet finished his prayer, he faced us and said, "Allah Himself is As-Salam (Peace), so when one sits in the prayer, one should say, 'At-Tahiyatu-lillahi Was-Salawatu, Wat-Taiyibatu, As-Salamu 'Alaika aiyuhan-Nabiyyu wa Rah-matul-lahi wa Barakatuhu, As-Salamu 'Alaina wa 'ala 'Ibadillahi assalihin, for if he says so, then it will be for all the pious slave of Allah in the Heavens and the Earth. (Then he should say), 'Ash-hadu an la ilaha illalllahu wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan 'Abduhu wa rasulu-hu,' and then he can choose whatever speech (i.e. invocation) he wishes "
(Sahih Bukhari, Volume 8, Book 74, Number 249)
3-AFTER TASHAHUD WHILE STANDING ON THIRD RAKAT HE USED TO RAISE HIS HANDS:-
Hadith-69
Narrated by Nafi': Whenever Ibn 'Umar started the prayer with Takbir, he used to raise his hands: whenever he bowed(ruku), he used to raise his hands (before bowing) and also used to raise his hands on saying, "Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida", and he used to do the same on rising from the second Rak'a (for the 3rd Rak'a). Ibn 'Umar said: "The Prophet used to do the same."
(Sahih Bukhari Volume 1 : Book 12 : Hadith 706)
t)Moving the Forefinger during Tashahdud.
Hadith-70
Abdullah b. Zubair narrated on the authority of his father: When the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sat in prayer. he placed the left foot between his thigh and shank and stretched the right foot and placed his left hand or his left knee and placed his right hand on his right thigh, and raised his finger.
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #1201)
Hadith-71
'Abdullah b. Zubair narrated on the authority of his father that when the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sat for supplication, i. e. tashahhud (blessing and supplication), he placed his right hand on his right thigh and his left hand on his left thigh, and pointed with his forefinger, and placed his thumb on his (milddle) finger, and covered his knee with the palm of his left hand..
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #1202)
Hadith-72
Ibn 'Umar reported that when the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sat for tashahhud he placed his left hand on his left knee. and his right hand on his right knee. and he raised his right finger, which is next to the thumb, making supplication in this way, and he stretched his left hand on his left knee. Another version on the authority of Ibn Umar says: When the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sat for tashahhud, he placed his left hand on his left knee and placed his right hand on his right knee, and he formed a ring like (fifty-three) and pointed with his finger of attestation.
(Sahih Muslim Book #004, Hadith #1203)
Hadith-73
Wa'il bin Hujr said:
"I said: 'I am going to watch how the Messenger of Allah () prays.' So I watched him and he stood and said the takbir, and raised his hands until they were in the level with his ears, then he placed his right hand over his left hand, wrist and lower forearm. When he wanted to bow he raised his hands likewise. Then he prostrated and placed his hands in level with his ears. Then he sat up and placed his left leg under him; he put his left hand on his left thigh and knee, and he put the edge of his right elbow on his right thigh, then he held two of his fingers together and made a circle, and raised his forefinger, and I saw him moving it and supplicating with it." (Sahih)
أَخْبَرَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ زَائِدَةَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَاصِمُ بْنُ كُلَيْبٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّ وَائِلَ بْنَ حُجْرٍ، أَخْبَرَهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَنْظُرَنَّ إِلَى صَلاَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَيْفَ يُصَلِّي فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَامَ فَكَبَّرَ وَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى حَاذَتَا بِأُذُنَيْهِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى عَلَى كَفِّهِ الْيُسْرَى وَالرُّسْغِ وَالسَّاعِدِ فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَرْكَعَ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ مِثْلَهَا - قَالَ - وَوَضَعَ يَدَيْهِ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ ثُمَّ لَمَّا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ مِثْلَهَا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ فَجَعَلَ كَفَّيْهِ بِحِذَاءِ أُذُنَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَعَدَ وَافْتَرَشَ رِجْلَهُ الْيُسْرَى وَوَضَعَ كَفَّهُ الْيُسْرَى عَلَى فَخِذِهِ وَرُكْبَتِهِ الْيُسْرَى وَجَعَلَ حَدَّ مِرْفَقِهِ الأَيْمَنِ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ الْيُمْنَى ثُمَّ قَبَضَ اثْنَتَيْنِ مِنْ أَصَابِعِهِ وَحَلَّقَ حَلْقَةً ثُمَّ رَفَعَ إِصْبَعَهُ فَرَأَيْتُهُ يُحَرِّكُهَا يَدْعُو بِهَا .
(Sunan Nasai English reference: Vol. 2, Book 1, Hadith 890; Sunan Nasai Arabic reference: Book 11, Hadith 897)
1-AT THE END OF THE LAST RAKAT, ADD THE FOLLOWING TO THE END OF TASHAHUD!!
Hadith-74
Narrated Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Laila: Ka'b bin Ujrah met me and said, "Shall I not give you a present I got from the Prophet?" 'Abdur-Rahman said, "Yes, give it to me." I said, "We asked Allah's Apostle saying, 'O Allah's Apostle! How should one (ask Allah to) send blessings on you, the members of the family, for Allah has taught us how to salute you (in the prayer)?' He said, (“Allaahumma salli ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala aali Muhammad kama salayta ‘ala Ibraaheem wa ‘ala aali Ibraaheem, innaka hameedun majeed. Allaahumma baarik ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala aali Muhammad kama baarakta ‘ala Ibraaheem wa ‘ala aali Ibraaheem, innaka hameedun majeed (O Allaah, send prayers upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent prayers upon Ibraaheem and upon the family of Ibraaheem )
'Say: O Allah! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad and on the family of Muhammad, as You sent Your Mercy on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious. O Allah! Send Your blessings on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent your blessings on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious.' "
(SAHIH BUKHARI Volume 4 Book #55, Hadith #589; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume 4 Book #55, Hadith #588)
2-AFTER THE TASHAHUD AND BEFORE THE SALAAM READ THIS DUA!!
Hadith-75
Narrated 'Aisha: (the wife of the Prophet) Allah's Apostle used to invoke Allah in the prayer saying "Allahumma inni a'udhu bika min adhabil-qabri, wa a'udhu bika min fitnatil-masihid-dajjal, wa a'udhu bika min fitnatil-mahya wa fitnatil-mamati. Allahumma inni a'udhu bika minal-ma thami wal-maghrami. (O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the punishment of the grave and from the afflictions of Masi,h Ad-dajjal and from the afflictions of life and death. O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the sins and from being in debt)." Somebody said to him, "Why do you so frequently seek refuge with Allah from being in debt?" The Prophet replied, "A person in debt tells lies whenever he speaks, and breaks promises whenever he makes (them)." 'Aisha also narrated: I heard Allah's Apostle in his prayer seeking refuge with Allah from the afflictions of Ad-dajjal.
(References:SAHIH BUKHARI Volume 1 Book #12, Hadith #795; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume 8 Book #75, Hadith #379; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume 2 Book #23, Hadith #459; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume Book 8 #75, Hadith #386; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume Book 8 #75, Hadith #387; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume Book 8 #75, Hadith #388; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume Book 9 #88, Hadith #243; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume Book 6 #60, Hadith #230; SAHIH BUKHARI Volume Book 8 #75, Hadith #376
SAHIH MUSLIM Book #004, Hadith #1216; SAHIH MUSLIM Book #004, Hadith #1217; SAHIH MUSLIM Book #004, Hadith #1218; SAHIH MUSLIM Book #004, Hadith #1219; SAHIH MUSLIM Book #004, Hadith #1220; SAHIH MUSLIM Book #004, Hadith #1221; SAHIH MUSLIM Book #004, Hadith #1224; SAHIH MUSLIM Book #004, Hadith #1225; SAHIH MUSLIM Book #035, Hadith #6534)
3-ENDING THE SALAT
After praying for himself as much as the person wishes, he should end his Salah saying: "Peace be on you and the Mercy of Allah." ("As sala'amu alaikum wa rahmatullah") turning the face first to the right and then to the left, both times over the shoulder. This brings the two, three or four Rakaat of the Salat to completion.
And Allah Knows the Best!!
u)Timing for Prayer.
Zohar/Asar/Eisha/Fazar
Hadith-76
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 522:
Narrated Saiyar bin Salama:I along with my father went to Abu- Barza Al-Aslarrni and my father asked him, "How Allah's Apostle used to offer the five compulsory congregational prayers?" Abu- Barza said, "The Prophet used to pray the Zuhr prayer which you (people) call the first one at mid-day when the sun had just declined The Asr prayer at a time when after the prayer, a man could go to the house at the farthest place in Medina (and arrive) while the sun was still hot. (I forgot about the Maghrib prayer). The Prophet Loved to delay the 'Isha which you call Al- Atama and he disliked sleeping before it and speaking after it. After the Fajr prayer he used to leave when a man could recognize the one sitting beside him and he used to recite between 60 to 100 Ayat (in the Fajr prayer) .
Hadith-77
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 510:
Narrated Abu Huraira and 'Abdullah bin 'Umar:Allah's Apostle said, "If it is very hot, then pray the Zuhr prayer when it becomes (a bit) cooler, as the severity of the heat is from the raging of the Hell-fire."
Hadith-78
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 511:
Narrated Abu Dhar:The Muadhdhin (call-maker) of the Prophet pronounced the Adhan (call) for the Zuhr prayer but the Prophet said, "Let it be cooler, let it be cooler." Or said, 'Wait, wait, because the severity of heat is from the raging of the Hell-fire. In severe hot weather, pray when it becomes (a bit) cooler and the shadows of hillocks appear."
Hadith-79
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 520:
Narrated 'Aisha:Allah's Apostle used to offer the 'Asr prayers at a time when the sunshine was still inside my chamber and no shadow had yet appeared in it.
Hadith-80
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 521:
Narrated Aisha:The Prophet used to pray the 'Asr prayers at a time when the sunshine was still inside my chamber and no shadow had yet appeared in it.
Hadith-81
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 534:
Narrated Rafi' bin Khadij:We used to offer the Maghrib prayer with the Prophet and after finishing the prayer one of us may go away and could still see as Par as the spots where one's arrow might reach when shot by a bow.
Hadith-82
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 536:
Narrated Salama:We used to pray the Maghrib prayer with the Prophet when the sun disappeared from the horizon.
Hadith-83
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 540:
Narrated Muhammad bin 'Amr:We asked Jabir bin 'Abdullah about the prayers of the Prophet . He said, "He used to pray Zuhr prayer at mid-day, the 'Asr when the sun was still hot, and the Maghrib after sunset (at its stated time). The 'Isha was offered early if the people gathered, and used to be delayed if their number was less; and the morning prayer was offered when it was still dark. "
Hadith-84
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 544:
Narrated Ibn Shihab from 'Urwa:'Aisha said, "Once Allah's Apostle delayed the 'Isha' prayer till 'Umar reminded him by saying, "The prayer!" The women and children have slept. Then the Prophet came out and said, 'None amongst the dwellers of the earth has been waiting for it (the prayer) except you." Urwa said, "Nowhere except in Medina the prayer used to be offered (in those days)." He further said, "The Prophet used to offer the 'Isha' prayer in the period between the disappearance of the twilight and the end of the first third of the night."
Hadith-85
Sahih Bukhari Volume 1, Book 10, Number 552:
Narrated 'Aisha:The believing women covered with their veiling sheets used to attend the Fajr prayer with Allah's Apostle, and after finishing the prayer they would return to their home and nobody could recognize them because of darkness.
Hadith-86
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar Abu:
I offered with Allah's Apostle a two rak`at prayer before the Zuhr prayer and two rak`at after the Zuhr prayer, two rak`at after Jumua, Maghrib and `Isha' prayers.
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي سَالِمٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْجُمُعَةِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ.
(Sahih Bukhari English reference: Vol. 2, Book 21, Hadith 266; Sahih Bukhari Arabic reference: Book 19, Hadith 1174)
v)Sunna Prayers.
Hadith-87
It was narrated from Umm Habibah that:
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said: "Twelve rak'ahs, whoever prays them Allah will build for him a house in Paradise: four rak'ahs before Zuhr and two rak'ahs after Zuhr, two rak'ahs before Asr, two rak'ahs after Maghrib and two rak'ahs before Subh prayer." (Sahih)
(Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1802)
Hadith-88
It was narrated that Aishah (R.A.) said:
"The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said: 'Whoever persists in praying twelve rak'ahs each day and night will enter Paradise: Four before Zuhr and two after, two rak'ahs after Maghrib, two rak'ahs after Isha' and two rak'ahs before Fajr.'" (Hasan)
(Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1795; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1796)
Hadith-89
It was narrated that 'Ata said:
"I was told that Umm Habibah bin Abi Sufyan said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) say: 'Whoever prays twelve rak'ahs during the day and night, apart from the prescribed prayers, Allah (SWT) will build for him a house in Paradise.'" (Sahih)
(Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1797; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1799)
Hadith-90
It was narrated that Ya'la bin Umayyah said:
"I came to At-Ta'if and entered upon Anbasah bin Abi Sufyan when he was dying. I saw that he was afraid so I said: 'You will be fine.' He said: 'My sister Umm Habibah told me that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said: Whoever prays twelve rak'ahs by day or by night, Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, will build for him a house in Paradise.'" (Sahih)
(Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1800; Sunan Nasai Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1801)
Hadith-91
It was narrated from Umm Habibah that:
The Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said: "Whoever prays twelve rak'ahs during the day and night, a house will be built for him in Paradise." (Sahih)
(SUNAN NASEEI Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1805; SUNAN NASEEI (Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1806; SUNAN NASEEI (Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1807; SUNAN NASEEI (Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1808; SUNAN NASEEI (Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1809; SUNAN NASEEI (Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1810; SUNAN NASEEI (Vol. 2, Book 10, Hadith 1811)
Hadith-92
Umm Habiba, the wife of the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him), reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: If any Muslim servant (of Allah) prays for the sake of Allah TWELVE rak'ahs (of Sun'an) every day, over and above the obligatory ones, Allah will build for him a house in Paradise, or a house will be built for him in Paradise; and I have not abandoned to observe the in after (hearing it from the Messenger of Allah). (So said also 'Amr and Nu'man.)
(SAHIH MUSLIM (Book #004, Hadith #1581; SAHIH MUSLIM (Book #004, Hadith #1579; SAHIH MUSLIM (Book #004, Hadith #1580)
Conclusion:-Allah Knows the Best.
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